Rationale This review provides insight for the judicious selection of nicotine dose ranges and
routes of administration for in vivo studies. The literature is replete with reports in which a …

The regulation, functional activation, and intracellular targeting of biological macromolecules
are often mediated through the covalent attachment of specific chemical moieties. The …

C. elegans hermaphrodites are self-fertile, and their rate and temporal pattern of egg-laying
are modulated by diverse environmental cues. Egg-laying behavior has served as an …

The activity of an oncoprotein and the secretion of a pheromone can be affected by an unusual
protein modification. Specifically, posttranslational modification of yeast a-factor and Ras …

Electrophysiology and optical indicators have been used in vertebrate systems to investigate
excitable cell firing and calcium transients, but both techniques have been difficult to apply …

ASH sensory neurons are required in Caenorhabditis elegans for a wide range of avoidance
behaviors in response to chemical repellents, high osmotic solutions and nose touch. The …

PROCESSING and storage of information by the nervous system requires the ability to modulate
the response of excitable cells to neurotransmitter. A simple process of this type, known …

Recent studies on the controllability of complex systems offer a powerful mathematical
framework to systematically explore the structure–function relationship in biological, social, and …

The insulin-like signaling pathway is known to regulate fat metabolism, dauer formation, and
longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we report that this pathway is also involved in …

There is increasing interest in topological analysis of brain networks as complex systems,
with researchers often using neuroimaging to represent the large-scale organization of …