… The individual(s) responsible for data collection at each study also classified their study
into one of three soil moisture classes: dry, containing roughly < 20% gravimetric soil moisture …

… The β j can be interpreted as a measure of site specific susceptibility and β s can be …
cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) and the native cordgrass (S. foliosa) has created a hybrid swarm of …

As the Arctic warms, vegetation is responding, and satellite measures indicate widespread
greening at high latitudes. This ‘greening of the Arctic’ is among the world’s most important …

Temperature is increasing at unprecedented rates across most of the tundra biome 1 .
Remote-sensing data indicate that contemporary climate warming has already resulted in …

Recent research using repeat photography, long-term ecological monitoring and
dendrochronology has documented shrub expansion in arctic, high-latitude and alpine tundra …

The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications
are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. …

Rapid climate warming in the tundra biome has been linked to increasing shrub dominance
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 . Shrub expansion can modify climate by altering surface albedo, energy and …

… , in greenhouse experiments we have found no difference in shoot:root ratios between native
and introduced genotypes (S. Elmendorf, JL Maron, and M. Vilà, unpublished manuscript). …

… Considerable effort is expended to protect today’s children from lead exposure, but there
is little evidence on the harms past lead exposures continue to hold for yesterday’s children, …

We review and synthesize recent developments in the study of the invasion of communities
in heterogeneous environments, considering both the invasibility of the community and …