Research into Heliconius butterflies has made a significant contribution to evolutionary
biology. Here, we review our understanding of the diversification of these butterflies, covering …

Phenotypic traits are products of two processes: evolution and development. But how do
these processes combine to produce integrated phenotypes? Comparative studies identify …

Gorillas are humans’ closest living relatives after chimpanzees, and are of comparable
importance for the study of human origins and evolution. Here we present the assembly and …

Major evolutionary transitions can be triggered by behavioural novelty, and are often
associated with ‘adaptive suites’, which involve shifts in multiple co-adapted traits subject to …

The profound and pervasive differences in gene expression observed between males and
females, and the unique evolutionary properties of these genes in many species, have led to …

Abstract Changes in the abundance and diversity of neural cell types, and their connectivity,
shape brain composition and provide the substrate for behavioral evolution. Although …

The anatomical basis and adaptive function of the expansion in primate brain size have
long been studied; however, we are only beginning to understand the genetic basis of these …

… Only branches present in the extant species tree for each clade were considered as
Montgomery et al. (2010) assumed fossil lineages formed polytomies with nodes in the extant …

… Montgomery structured the article. All authors wrote and edited the article. Logan, Montgomery,
Boogert, and Mares served as managing editors. All authors approved the final version …

Behavioral and sensory adaptations are often reflected in the differential expansion of brain
components. These volumetric differences represent changes in cell number, size, and/or …