… Artificial models were constructed according to Finkbeiner et al. (2012). Four model types
were developed: a local phenotype model, a color-switched model (where the colors on the …

… erato roost size was observed to be 4.3 individuals (sd = 1.6, n = 233 observations across
nine natural roosts) from roosts in Gamboa, Panama. It was common to find multiple roosts …

… Four paper model types of the Heliconius erato petiverana Doubleday 1847 butterfly were
made as described in Finkbeiner et al. (2012) with their colors modified as follows: with (Y+) …

In true color vision, animals discriminate between light wavelengths, regardless of intensity,
using at least two photoreceptors with different spectral sensitivity peaks. Heliconius …

Despite more than a century of biological research on the evolution and maintenance of
mimetic signals, the relative frequencies of models and mimics necessary to establish and …

… Recruitment frequency averaged 1.23 new butterflies per week (SD = 0.92, n = 49 recruits …
, and roosts on average contained 4.3 butterflies (SD = 1.6, n = 233 observations across nine …

… Butterfly facsimiles were designed following the protocol in Finkbeiner et al. (2012), where
natural butterfly wings were referenced to create visually accurate paper wings. Reflectance …

… Artificial butterfly replicas were designed following methods described in Finkbeiner et al.
(2012), where natural butterfly wings were referenced to create spectrally matched paper wings…

… Mean height of Lodi canopy traps was 6.1 m (SD = 1.3) and understory was 1.1 m (SD =
0.2)… Ohlone canopy traps was 9.4 m (SD = 2.4 m) and understory was 1.0 m (SD = 0.3 m). Bait …

This versatile undergraduate text can be used in a variety of courses in linear algebra. It
contains enough material for a two-semester course, and it also serves as a support text and …