Most genes, proteins and other components carry out their functions within a complex network
of interactions and a single molecule can affect a wide range of other cell components. A …

… For each hit, we then searched the IST list of Y or Y′ and reiterated the process for several
(n) cycles until the starting bait (X) … Thierry-Mieg, and S. van den Heuvel for support; J. Hitti, L. …

Novel protein-coding genes can arise either through re-organization of pre-existing genes
or de novo 1 , 2 . Processes involving re-organization of pre-existing genes, notably after …

… None of these variants were detected in our control cohort of 100 individuals of North
African origin. We note that the parents of the subjects could not be analyzed to confirm the …

Spermatogenesis defects concern millions of men worldwide, yet the vast majority remains
undiagnosed. Here we report men with primary infertility due to multiple morphological …

In mammals, sperm–oocyte fusion initiates Ca 2+ oscillations leading to a series of events
called oocyte activation, which is the first stage of embryo development. Ca 2+ signaling is …

The multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella (MMAF) phenotype is among the
most severe forms of sperm defects responsible for male infertility. The phenotype is …

… We also compared these variants to an in-house database of 193 control exomes enriched
for North African subjects (n=153) corresponding to the geographical origin of the majority of …

… Consider a set of n events which can be true or false, represented by n Boolean variables. …
n, noted Γ(q,n), as the smallest integer γ such that q γ+1 ≥ n. We will simply write Γ for Γ(q,n…

… In addition, the 20S structure suggests that α2 is in contact with β5 and that its N‐terminal
tail interacts with the N‐terminal tail of α4 and with an α6 domain (M. Groll, personal …