Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common illness accompanied by considerable
morbidity, mortality, costs, and heightened risk of suicide. We conducted a genome-wide …

Major depression is a debilitating psychiatric illness that is typically associated with low
mood and anhedonia. Depression has a heritable component that has remained difficult to …

Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder. We performed a genome-wide
association study (GWAS) including 20,352 cases and 31,358 controls of European descent, …

Very few genetic variants have been associated with depression and neuroticism, likely
because of limitations on sample size in previous studies. Subjective well-being, a phenotype …

Health risk factors such as body mass index (BMI) and serum cholesterol are associated
with many common diseases. It often remains unclear whether the risk factors are cause or …

Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over 1
million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of general risk …

We identify common genetic variants associated with cognitive performance using a two-stage
approach, which we call the proxy-phenotype method. First, we conduct a genome-wide …

… by μ + β M M, where β M represents the phenotypic regression coefficient. The main effect
of the measured environment (M) on the trait is assessed by estimating the value of β M . In the …

Because educational achievement at the end of compulsory schooling represents a major
tipping point in life, understanding its causes and correlates is important for individual children…

Importance Most previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of depression have used
data from individuals of European descent. This limits the understanding of the underlying …