… Author links open overlay panel Marie Touchon 1 2 , Jorge A Moura de Sousa 1 2 ,
Eduardo PC Rocha 1 2 … Touchon … Touchon, EPC Rocha …

DNA repeats are causes and consequences of genome plasticity. Repeats are created by
intrachromosomal recombination or horizontal transfer. They are targeted by recombination …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) drives microbial adaptation but is often under the control of
mobile genetic elements (MGEs) whose interests are not necessarily aligned with those of …

The Escherichia coli species represents one of the best-studied model organisms, but also
encompasses a variety of commensal and pathogenic strains that diversify by high rates of …

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) arrays and their
associated (Cas) proteins confer bacteria and archaea adaptive immunity against exogenous …

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a major human foodborne pathogen. Numerous Lm outbreaks
have been reported worldwide and associated with a high case fatality rate, reinforcing …

Microbial pathogenesis studies are typically performed with reference strains, thereby
overlooking within-species heterogeneity in microbial virulence. Here we integrated human …

Bacteria and archaea have developed multiple antiviral mechanisms, and genomic evidence
indicates that several of these antiviral systems co-occur in the same strain. Here, we …

… S ( A i , B i ) / ( min ( n A , n B ) ) , where S (Ai,Bi) is the similarity score of the pair i of
homologous proteins between (pro)phage A and (pro)phage B (varying from 0.4 to 1), M is the total …

Bacteria with two cell membranes (diderms) have evolved complex systems for protein
secretion. These systems were extensively studied in some model bacteria, but the …