Regulatory small RNAs, which range in size from 20 to 24 nucleotides, are ubiquitous
components of endogenous plant transcriptomes, as well as common responses to exogenous …

MicroRNAs are pervasive in both plants and animals, but many aspects of their biogenesis,
function and evolution differ. We reveal how these differences contribute to characteristic …

… thaliana miR854 and miR855 loci produced numerous 24-nt small RNAs corresponding to
both genomic strands – a pattern typical of siRNAs, but not miRNAs (MJ Axtell, unpublished). …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼21 nucleotide noncoding RNAs produced by Dicer-catalyzed
excision from stem-loop precursors. Many plant miRNAs play critical roles in development, …

Introduction Darwin famously characterized the rapid rise and early diversification of flowering
plants (angiosperms) in the fossil record as an “abominable mystery.” Identifying genomic …

We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically
important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76…

We sequenced ∼400,000 small RNAs from Caenorhabditis elegans. Another 18 microRNA
(miRNA) genes were identified, thereby extending to 112 our tally of confidently identified …

Plants have evolved a sophisticated innate immune system to recognize invading pathogens
and to induce a set of host defense mechanisms resulting in disease resistance. Pathogen …

Vascular plants appeared ~410 million years ago, then diverged into several lineages of
which only two survive: the euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and the lycophytes. We …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of target mRNAs in plants and animals [1].
Plant miRNA targets have been predicted on the basis of their extensive and often conserved …