Prevention of bacterial colonization and consequent biofilm formation remains a major
challenge in implantable medical devices. Implant-associated infections are not only a major …

On the basis of population genomic and phylogeographic analyses of 1669 Mycobacterium
tuberculosis lineage 4 (L4) genomes, we find that dispersal of L4 has been completely …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is a globally distributed, obligate pathogen of humans
that can be divided into seven clearly defined lineages. An emerging consensus places the …

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health emergency. Increasingly drug resistant strains of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) continue to emerge and spread, highlighting adaptability …

Tsetse-transmitted African trypanosomes must develop into mammalian-infectious metacyclic
cells in the fly’s salivary glands (SGs) before transmission to a new host. The molecular …

Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a by-product of propionic acid metabolism through the vitamin
B 12 (cobalamin)-dependent enzyme methylmalonyl CoA mutase. Elevated MMA …

The segmented RNA genome of influenza A viruses (IAVs) enables viral evolution through
genetic reassortment after multiple IAVs coinfect the same cell, leading to viruses harboring …

Objective: To compare the acceptability, compliance, and effectiveness of two forms of
cholestyramine resin in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children. Study design: Patients …

There is considerable inter-individual and inter-population variability in response to viruses.
The potential of monocytes to elicit type-I interferon responses has attracted attention to their …

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the difficult intravenous access (DIVA) score, a clinical
prediction rule, which states that children with a score of 4 or more will have a 50% higher …