Background We previously reported the 5-year results of the phase 3 IBCSG 23-01 trial
comparing disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer with one or more micrometastatic (…

Many populations live in environments subject to frequent biotic and abiotic changes.
Nonetheless, it is interesting to ask whether an evolving population's mean fitness can increase …

A major roadblock to achieving a cure for human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) is
the persistence of latent viral infections in the cells and tissue compartments of an infected …

… l), a most potent activator of the kainic receptors in the central nervous system (Debonnel …
armata, domoic acid and six isomers (designated DA-l-6 in order of elution from the …

We determined the “normal” central corneal thickness (CCT) value in human corneas based
on reported literature values for within-study average CCT values, and used this as a …

The evolution of complex organismal traits is obvious as a historical fact, but the underlying
causes—including the role of natural selection—are contested. Gould argued that a random …

A 15 year old youth, who presented with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to documented
ventricular fibrillation, was found to have nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. …

Laboratory experiments in which blood‐borne parasitic microbes evolve in their animal
hosts offer an opportunity to study parasite evolution and adaptation in real time and under …

3D printers that build objects using extruded thermoplastic are quickly becoming commonplace
tools in laboratories. We demonstrate that, with appropriate handling, these devices are …

“It is hard to realize that the living world as we know it is just one among many possibilities” [1]
. Evolving digital ecological networks are webs of interacting, self-replicating , and …