… Johnson and Munshi-South review the suite of pressures that urban environments exert,
the ways in which species may (or may not) adapt, and the larger impact of these evolutionary …

Bats and birds live substantially longer on average than non-flying mammals of similar body
size. The combination of small body size, high metabolic rates, and long lifespan in bats and …

Few biologists have studied the evolutionary processes at work in indoor environments. Yet
indoor environments comprise approximately 0.5% of ice-free land area – an area as large …

Urban ecosystems are rapidly expanding throughout the world, but how urban growth affects
the evolutionary ecology of species living in urban areas remains largely unknown. Urban …

Native to China and Mongolia, the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) now enjoys a worldwide
distribution. While black rats and the house mouse tracked the regional development of human …

Aging is often perceived as a degenerative process resulting from random accrual of cellular
damage over time. Despite this, age can be accurately estimated by epigenetic clocks …

… J. Munshi-South, unpublished data). Tree canopy cover was thus chosen as the primary
landscape variable for this study because of its potential role in determining the distribution of P. …

Evidence is growing that human modification of landscapes has dramatically altered
evolutionary processes. In urban population genetic studies, urbanization is typically predicted to …

Urbanization is changing Earth's ecosystems by altering the interactions and feedbacks
between the fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes that maintain life. Humans in …

Cities are uniquely complex systems regulated by interactions and feedbacks between
nature and human society. Characteristics of human society—including culture, economics, …