Background The study of microbiomes using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing enables
the analysis of uncultivated microbial populations that may have important roles in their …

The environment significantly influences the dynamic expression and assembly of all
components encoded in the genome of an organism into functional biological networks. We have …

Traces of life are nearly ubiquitous on Earth. However, a central unresolved question is
whether these traces always indicate an active microbial community or whether, in extreme …

Publisher Summary Microorganisms that are able to grow at temperatures above 90 are
called as “hyperthermophiles.” They form a diverse group consisting of autotrophic and …

Background The Atacama Desert is one of the driest deserts in the world and its soil, with
extremely low moisture, organic carbon content, and oxidizing conditions, is considered to be …

We report that the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium sp. strain NRC-1 is highly resistant to
desiccation, high vacuum and 60 Co gamma irradiation. Halobacterium sp. was able to …

Some of the coldest and driest permafrost soils on Earth are located in the high-elevation
McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) of Antarctica, but little is known about the permafrost microbial …

We report a remarkably high UV-radiation resistance in the extremely halophilic archaeon
Halobacterium NRC-1 withstanding up to 110 J/m 2 with no loss of viability. Gene knockout …

Extremophiles are remarkable examples of life's resilience, thriving in hot springs at boiling
temperatures, in brine lakes saturated with salt, and in the driest deserts. We review the …

In the past decades, the study of microbial life through shotgun metagenomic sequencing
has rapidly expanded our understanding of environmental, synthetic, and clinical microbial …