… following thermal cycle profile: 3 min at 95C, followed by 25 cycles of 30 s at 95C, 30 s at
61C, and 1 min at 72C, and finally 5 min at 72C. The PCR product was Sanger-sequenced in …

A fundamental question in evolutionary genetics concerns the extent to which adaptive
phenotypic convergence is attributable to convergent or parallel changes at the molecular …

The idea of an area of endemism implies that different groups of plants and animals should
have largely coincident distributions. This paper analyses an area of 1152 000 km 2 , …

Because the tropical regions of America harbor the highest concentration of butterfly species,
its fauna has attracted considerable attention. Much less is known about the butterflies of …

Consistent responses by various organisms to common environmental pressures represent
strong evidence of natural selection driving geographical variation. According to Bergmann's …

The riverine barrier hypothesis proposes that large rivers represent geographical barriers to
gene flow for terrestrial organisms, leading to population differentiation and ultimately …

… rufus Syrinx Reveals Sound Sources (A–C) To internally visualize the syrinx and identify
sound sources, we surgically inserted a fiber optic cable into the trachea. Relevant structures …

We studied the pattern of song variation in the rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis,
in the 1987 and 2000 breeding seasons in a 7-km 2 area covering open and closed …

… Finally, we thank C. Hempel, for his support regarding the analysis of the BLAST results.
We thank Dr Huyvaert and two anonymous reviewers for helping to improve the manuscript. …

We assessed the relationship between function and tail structure of woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptidae)
and Neotropical ovenbirds (Furnariidae) using a comparative analysis of …