Climate change over the past∼ 30 years has produced numerous shifts in the distributions
and abundances of species 1, 2 and has been implicated in one species-level extinction 3. …

Habitat degradation and climate change are thought to be altering the distributions and
abundances of animals and plants throughout the world, but their combined impacts have not …

Until recently, published evidence for the responses of species to climate change had revealed
more examples of species expanding than retracting their distributions. However, recent …

Species-energy theory indicates that recent climate warming should have driven increases
in species richness in cool and species-poor parts of the Northern Hemisphere. We confirm …

… Bastin & CD Thomas, unpublished data); the butterfly E. editha moves tens to hundreds of
metres, and shows variation in position on this axis at a resolution of a few hundred metres (…

Mean global temperatures have risen this century, and further warming is predicted to continue
for the next 50–100 years 1 , 2 , 3 . Some migratory species can respond rapidly to yearly …

Aim A major issue in ecology, biogeography, conservation biology and invasion biology is
the extent to which climate, and hence climate change, contributes to the positions of species’ …

Evidence‐based policy requires researchers to provide the answers to ecological questions
that are of interest to policy makers. To find out what those questions are in the UK, …

Globally, priority areas for biodiversity are relatively well known, yet few detailed plans exist
to direct conservation action within them, despite urgent need. Madagascar, like other …

Across large parts of the world, wildlife has to coexist with human activity in highly modified
and fragmented landscapes. Combining concepts from population viability analysis and …