The twenty-first century has witnessed a wave of severe infectious disease outbreaks, not
least the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a devastating impact on lives and livelihoods …

The aim of this review was to use geographic information systems in combination with
historical maps to quantify the anthropogenic impact on the distribution of malaria in the 20th …

Many attempts have been made to quantify Africa's malaria burden but none has addressed
how urbanization will affect disease transmission and outcome, and therefore mortality and …

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic 1 . The strategies based on non-pharmaceutical interventions …

Invasive alien species (IAS) threaten human livelihoods and biodiversity globally. Increasing
globalization facilitates IAS arrival, and environmental changes, including climate change, …

Human movements contribute to the transmission of malaria on spatial scales that exceed the
limits of mosquito dispersal. Identifying the sources and sinks of imported infections due to …

During the past few decades, technologies such as remote sensing, geographical information
systems, and global positioning systems have transformed the way the distribution of …

Thirty years after the discovery of HIV-1, the early transmission, dissemination, and establishment
of the virus in human populations remain unclear. Using statistical approaches applied …

High resolution, contemporary data on human population distributions are vital for measuring
impacts of population growth, monitoring human-environment interactions and for planning …

Background Train travel is a common mode of public transport across the globe; however,
the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission among individual train …