Background Efficacy and safety data of COVID-19 vaccines among cancer populations have
been limited; however, preliminary data from recent studies have emerged regarding their …

Ever since Stephen Paget’s 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one
of cancer’s greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human …

THE protein Lck (p56 lck ) has a relative molecular mass of 56,000 and belongs to the Src
family of tyrosine kinases 1–3 . It is expressed exclusively in lymphoid cells, predominantly in …

RNAs are central to all gene expression through the control of protein synthesis. Four major
nucleosides, adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine, compose RNAs and provide …

T CELLS express T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) for the recognition of antigen in conjunction
with the products of the major histocompatibility complex 1,2 . They also express two key …

Cancer is typically a consequence of imbalance between cell death and proliferation in a way
favorable to cell proliferation and survival. Most conventional cancer therapies are based …

Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), a transcriptional activator, and its antagonistic repressor,
IRF-2, were originally identified as regulators of the type I interferon (IFN) system. We have …

SIR, Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) belongs to the haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytic
(HLH) disorders, and is one of the most feared complications of paediatric inflammatory …

CD3δ SCID is a devastating inborn error of immunity caused by mutations in CD3D, encoding
the invariant CD3δ chain of the CD3/TCR complex necessary for normal thymopoiesis. …

Background The recent H5N1 avian and H1N1 swine-origin influenza virus outbreaks
reaffirm that the threat of a world-wide influenza pandemic is both real and ever-present. …