Targeted genome engineering (also known as genome editing) has emerged as an alternative
to classical plant breeding and transgenic (GMO) methods to improve crop plants. Until …

Highlights • Cas9 is an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease innate to prokaryotic immune
systems. • CRISPR/Cas9 has recently emerged as a powerful genome editing tool. • CRISPR/…

Every plant is closely associated with a variety of living organisms. Therefore, deciphering
how plants interact with mutualistic and parasitic organisms is essential for a comprehensive …

Oomycete plant pathogens deliver effector proteins inside host cells to modulate plant defense
circuitry and to enable parasitic colonization. These effectors are defined by a conserved …

Potato late blight, caused by the destructive Irish famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans,
is a major threat to global food security 1, 2. All late blight resistance genes identified to date …

Background The filamentous oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans causes late
blight, an economically important disease, on members of the nightshade family (Solanaceae…

Long considered intractable organisms by fungal genetic research standards, the oomycetes
have recently moved to the centre stage of research on plant–microbe interactions. Recent …

The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans causes potato late blight, one of the most
economically damaging plant diseases worldwide. P. infestans produces AVR3a, an essential …

Oomycetes, or water moulds, are fungal-like organisms phylogenetically related to algae.
They cause devastating diseases in both plants and animals. Here, we describe seven …

Both plants and animals rely on nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing
(NB-LRR or NLR) proteins to respond to invading pathogens and activate immune …