Patterning in multicellular organisms results from spatial gradients in morphogen
concentration, but the dynamics of these gradients remain largely unexplored. We characterize, …

… useful for investigating the evolution of AP axis formation. Although the … still AP polarity as
this is determined earlier by formation of the germ disc. The expression of genes involved in AP …

… Collectively, these results indicate that, as observed for E3N, the 7H svb enhancer uses at
least three low affinity Ubx-Exd sites to drive expression along the AP axis of embryos. The …

One central, and yet unsolved, question in evolutionary biology is the relationship between
the genetic variants segregating within species and the causes of morphological differences …

Aphids exhibit unique attributes, such as polyphenisms and specialized cells to house
endosymbionts, that make them an interesting system for studies at the interface of ecology, …

… Thus, in Parasteatoda embryos, the earliest morphological events along the AP axis are the
… One question highlighted by this work is what factor or factors initially define AP polarity in …

Background The duplication of genes can occur through various mechanisms and is thought
to make a major contribution to the evolutionary diversification of organisms. There is …

Morphology evolves often through changes in developmental genes, but the causal mutations,
and their effects, remain largely unknown. The evolution of naked cuticle on larvae of …

Background Arthropods comprise the largest and most diverse phylum on Earth and play
vital roles in nearly every ecosystem. Their diversity stems in part from variations on a …

Background The Wnt genes encode secreted glycoprotein ligands that regulate a wide
range of developmental processes, including axis elongation and segmentation. There are …