… geese are herbivorous and albatrosses eat fish (higher protein value), yet have similar sized
brains, and the corvids tend to be omnivorous, whereas the parrots eat fruit, nuts and seeds. …

… Seeds et al. activated different sets of brain cells one-by-one … Then Seeds et al. tried to
stimulate more than one cleaning … grooming sequences, the findings of Seeds et al. may also …

Analyzing Drosophila melanogaster neural expression patterns in thousands of three-dimensional
image stacks of individual brains requires registering them into a canonical …

10.7554/eLife.08758.001 Animals perform many stereotyped movements, but how nervous
systems are organized for controlling specific movements remains unclear. Here we use …

Cognitive abilities cannot be measured directly. What we can measure is individual variation
in task performance. In this paper, we first make the case for why we should be interested in …

Axon degeneration is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease and neural injury. Axotomy
activates an intrinsic pro-degenerative axon death signaling cascade involving loss of the …

Now more than ever animal studies have the potential to test hypotheses regarding how
cognition evolves. Comparative psychologists have developed new techniques to probe the …

Although animals (particularly tool-users) are capable of solving physical tasks in the
laboratory [1–7], the degree to which they understand them in terms of their underlying physical …

Drosophila melanogaster is an established model for neuroscience research with relevance
in biology and medicine. Until recently, research on the Drosophila brain was hindered by …

… Similarly, two-and-a-half-year old children performed much better on a non-tool-using variant
of the trap problem than they did when they had to use a tool (AM Seed 2013, unpublished …