Background: The burden of recurrent respiratory infections is unclear. We identified young
children with recurrent respiratory infections in order to characterize the clinical manifestations…

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are enriched in mucosal tissues (eg, lung) and respond
to epithelial cell–derived cytokines initiating type 2 inflammation. During inflammation, …

T cell activation is associated with a profound and rapid metabolic response to meet increased
energy demands for cell division, differentiation and development of effector function. …

In order to fulfill their effector and patrolling functions, lymphocytes traffic through the body
and need to adapt to different tissue microenvironments. First, mature lymphocytes egress the …

Neutrophil mobilization, recruitment, and clearance must be tightly regulated as overexuberant
neutrophilic inflammation is implicated in the pathology of chronic diseases, including …

Background Human nasopharynx is often colonized by potentially pathogenic bacteria. Gene
polymorphisms in mannose-binding lectin (MBL), toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 have …

Epigenetic mechanisms which play an essential role in normal developmental processes,
such as self-renewal and fate specification of neural stem cells (NSC) are also responsible for …

Endothelial barrier (EB) breaching is a frequent event during inflammation, and it is followed
by the rapid recovery of microvascular integrity. The molecular mechanisms of EB recovery …

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a pivotal part of the innate immunity system.
Variations in TLR genes have been connected to autoimmune conditions, such as allergy and …

BACKGROUND: Pertussis toxin (PT) is a specific virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis
and it is included in all acellular pertussis vaccines (aP). Although immunity after infection …