Glycans modify lipids and proteins to mediate inter- and intramolecular interactions across
all domains of life. RNA is not thought to be a major target of glycosylation. Here, we …

Gasdermin proteins form large membrane pores in human cells that release immune
cytokines and induce lytic cell death. Gasdermin pore formation is triggered by caspase-mediated …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a beta-CoV that recently
emerged as a human pathogen and is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. A …

RADAR is a two-protein bacterial defense system that was reported to defend against
phage by "editing" messenger RNA. Here, we determine cryo-EM structures of the RADAR …

Viral internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) are unique RNA elements, which use stable and
dynamic RNA structures to recruit ribosomes and drive protein synthesis. IRESs overcome …

Flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), cause severe human
disease. Co-opting cellular factors for viral translation and viral genome replication at the …

Translation initiation determines both the quantity and identity of the protein that is encoded
in an mRNA by establishing the reading frame for protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, …

Dyotropic rearrangements of fused, tricyclic β-lactones are described that proceed via
unprecedented stereospecific, 1,2-acyl migrations delivering bridged, spiro-γ-butyrolactones. A …

Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is a eukaryote-specific ribosomal protein (RP)
implicated in diverse biological functions. To engineer ribosomes for specific fluorescent …

In response to pathogen infection, gasdermin (GSDM) proteins form membrane pores that
induce a host cell death process called pyroptosis 1, 2, 3. Studies of human and mouse …