RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A conserved abundant cytoplasmic long noncoding RNA modulates repression of mRNAs by PUM2 in human cells JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 033423 DO 10.1101/033423 A1 Ailone Tichon A1 Noa Gil A1 Tal Havkin Solomon A1 Doron Lemze A1 Shalev Itzkovitz A1 Noam Stern-Ginossar A1 Igor Ulitsky YR 2015 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/12/02/033423.abstract AB Thousands of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes are encoded in the human genome, and hundreds of them are evolutionary conserved, but their functions and modes of action remain largely obscure. Particularly enigmatic lncRNAs are those that are exported to the cytoplasm. We identified and characterized an abundant and highly conserved cytoplasmic lncRNA, which we denote Pumilio2-binding long intervening noncoding RNA (PUBLINC). Most of the sequence of this lncRNA is comprised of repetitive units that together contain at least 17 functional binding sites for PUM2, one of the two Pumilio homologs in mammals. Through binding to PUM2, PUBLINC modulates the mRNA levels and translation of PUM2 targets, enriched for genes involved in chromosome segregation during cell division. Our results suggest that some cytoplasmic lncRNAs function by modulating the activities of RNA binding proteins, an activity which positions them at key junctions of cellular signaling pathways.