PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Weini Huang AU - Christoph Hauert AU - Arne Traulsen TI - Stochastic evolutionary games in dynamic populations AID - 10.1101/021378 DP - 2015 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 021378 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/06/23/021378.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/06/23/021378.full AB - Frequency dependent selection and demographic fluctuations play important roles in evolutionary and ecological processes. Under frequency dependent selection, the average fitness of the population may increase or decrease based on interactions between individuals within the population. This should be reflected in fluctuations of the population size even in constant environ ments. Here, we propose a stochastic model, which naturally combines these two evolutionary ingredients by assuming frequency dependent competition between different types in an individual-based model. In contrast to previous game theoretic models, the carrying capacity of the population and thus the population size is determined by pairwise competition of individuals mediated by evolutionary games and demographic stochasticity. In the limit of infinite population size, the averaged stochastic dynamics is captured by the deterministic competitive LotkaVolterra equations. In small populations, demographic stochasticity may instead lead to the extinction of the entire population. As the population size is driven by the fitness in evolutionary games, a population of cooperators is less prone to go extinct than a population of defectors, whereas in the usual systems of fixed size, the population would thrive regardless of its average payoff.