RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Surgically disconnected temporal pole exhibits resting functional connectivity with remote brain regions JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 127571 DO 10.1101/127571 A1 David E. Warren A1 Matthew J. Sutterer A1 Joel Bruss A1 Taylor J. Abel A1 Andrew Jones A1 Hiroto Kawasaki A1 Michelle Voss A1 Martin Cassell A1 Matthew A. Howard A1 Daniel Tranel YR 2017 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/04/15/127571.abstract AB Functional connectivity, as measured by resting-state fMRI, has proven a powerful method for studying brain systems in the context of behavior, development, and disease states. However, the relationship of functional connectivity to structural connectivity remains unclear. If functional connectivity relies on structural connectivity, then anatomical isolation of a brain region should eliminate functional connectivity with other brain regions. We tested this by measuring functional connectivity of the surgically disconnected temporal pole in resection patients (N=5; mean age 37; 2F, 3M). Functional connectivity was evaluated based on coactivation of whole-brain fMRI data with the average low-frequency BOLD signal from disconnected tissue in each patient. In sharp contrast to our prediction, we observed significant functional connectivity between the disconnected temporal pole and remote brain regions in each disconnection case. These findings raise important questions about the neural bases of functional connectivity measures derived from the fMRI BOLD signal.