RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Epidemic establishment and cryptic transmission of Zika virus in Brazil and the Americas
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 105171
DO 10.1101/105171
A1 N. R. Faria
A1 J. Quick
A1 I. Morales
A1 J. Thézé
A1 J.G. Jesus
A1 M. Giovanetti
A1 M. U. G. Kraemer
A1 S. C. Hill
A1 A. Black
A1 A. C. da Costa
A1 L.C. Franco
A1 S. P. Silva
A1 C.-H. Wu
A1 J. Raghwani
A1 S. Cauchemez
A1 L. du Plessis
A1 M. P. Verotti
A1 W. K. de Oliveira
A1 E. H. Carmo
A1 G. E. Coelho
A1 A. C. F. S. Santelli
A1 L. C. Vinhal
A1 C. M. Henriques
A1 J. T. Simpson
A1 M. Loose
A1 K. G. Andersen
A1 N. D. Grubaugh
A1 S. Somasekar
A1 C. Y. Chiu
A1 J. E. Muñoz-Medina
A1 C. R. Gonzalez-Bonilla
A1 C. F. Arias
A1 L. L. Lewis-Ximenez
A1 S.A. Baylis
A1 A. O. Chieppe
A1 S. F. Aguiar
A1 C. A. Fernandes
A1 P. S. Lemos
A1 B. L. S. Nascimento
A1 H. A. O. Monteiro
A1 I. C. Siqueira
A1 M. G. de Queiroz
A1 T. R. de Souza
A1 J. F. Bezerra
A1 M. R. Lemos
A1 G. F. Pereira
A1 D. Loudal
A1 L. C. Moura
A1 R. Dhalia
A1 R. F. França
A1 T. Magalhães
A1 E. T. Marques, Jr.
A1 T. Jaenisch
A1 G. L. Wallau
A1 M. C. de Lima
A1 V. Nascimento
A1 E. M. de Cerqueira
A1 M. M. de Lima
A1 D. L. Mascarenhas
A1 J. P. Moura Neto
A1 A. S. Levin
A1 T. R. Tozetto-Mendoza
A1 S. N. Fonseca
A1 M. C. Mendes-Correa
A1 F.P. Milagres
A1 A. Segurado
A1 E. C. Holmes
A1 A. Rambaut
A1 T. Bedford
A1 M. R. T. Nunes
A1 E. C. Sabino
A1 L. C. J. Alcantara
A1 N. Loman
A1 O. G. Pybus
YR 2017
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/03/27/105171.abstract
AB Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission in the Americas was first confirmed in May 2015 in Northeast Brazil1. Brazil has the highest number of reported ZIKV cases worldwide (>200,000 by 24 Dec 20162) as well as the greatest number of cases associated with microcephaly and other birth defects (2,366 confirmed cases by 31 Dec 20162). Following the initial detection of ZIKV in Brazil, 47 countries and territories in the Americas have reported local ZIKV transmission, with 24 of these reporting ZIKV-associated severe disease3. Yet the origin and epidemic history of ZIKV in Brazil and the Americas remain poorly understood, despite the value of such information for interpreting past and future trends in reported microcephaly. To address this we generated 54 complete or partial ZIKV genomes, mostly from Brazil, and report data generated by the ZiBRA project – a mobile genomics lab that travelled across Northeast (NE) Brazil in 2016. One sequence represents the earliest confirmed ZIKV infection in Brazil. Joint analyses of viral genomes with ecological and epidemiological data estimate that ZIKV epidemic was present in NE Brazil by March 2014 and likely disseminated from there, both nationally and internationally, before the first detection of ZIKV in the Americas. Estimated dates of the international spread of ZIKV from Brazil indicate the duration of pre-detection cryptic transmission in recipient regions. NE Brazil’s role in the establishment of ZIKV in the Americas is further supported by geographic analysis of ZIKV transmission potential and by estimates of the virus’ basic reproduction number.One Sentence Summary Virus genomes reveal the establishment of Zika virus in Brazil and the Americas, and provide an appropriate timeframe for baseline (pre-Zika) microcephaly in different regions.