TY - JOUR T1 - The maternal genetic make-up of the Iberian Peninsula between the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/106963 SP - 106963 AU - Anna Szécsényi-Nagy AU - Christina Roth AU - Guido Brandt AU - Cristina Rihuete-Herrada AU - Cristina Tejedor-Rodríguez AU - Petra Held AU - Íñigo García-Martínez-de-Lagrán AU - Héctor Arcusa Magallón AU - Stephanie Zesch AU - Corina Knipper AU - Eszter Bánffy AU - Susanne Friederich AU - Harald Meller AU - Primitiva Bueno Ramírez AU - Rosa Barroso Bermejo AU - Rodrigo de Balbín Behrmann AU - Ana M. Herrero-Corral AU - Raúl Flores Fernández AU - Carmen Alonso Fernández AU - Javier Jiménez Echevarria AU - Laura Rindlisbacher AU - Camila Oliart AU - María-Inés Fregeiro AU - Ignacio Soriano AU - Oriol Vicente AU - Rafael Micó AU - Vicente Lull AU - Jorge Soler Díaz AU - Juan Antonio López Padilla AU - Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz AU - Mauro S. Hernández Pérez AU - Francisco Javier Jover Maestre AU - Joaquín Lomba Maurandi AU - Azucena Avilés Fernández AU - Katina T. Lillios AU - Ana Maria Silva AU - Miguel Magalhães Ramalho AU - Luiz Miguel Oosterbeek AU - Claudia Cunha AU - Anna J. Waterman AU - Jordi Roig Buxó AU - Andrés Martínez AU - Juana Ponce Martínez AU - Mark Hunt Ortiz AU - Juan Carlos Mejías-García AU - Juan Carlos Pecero Espín AU - Rosario Cruz-Auñón Briones AU - Tiago Tomé AU - Eduardo Carmona Ballestero AU - João Luís Cardoso AU - Ana Cristina Araújo AU - Corina Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck AU - Concepción Blasco Bosqued AU - Patricia Ríos Mendoza AU - Ana Pujante AU - José I. Royo-Guillén AU - Marco Aurelio Esquembre Beviá AU - Victor Manuel Dos Santos Goncalves AU - Rui Parreira AU - Elena Morán Hernández AU - Elena Méndez Izquierdo AU - Jorge Vega de Miguel AU - Roberto Menduiña García AU - Victoria Martínez Calvo AU - Oscar López Jiménez AU - Johannes Krause AU - Sandra L. Pichler AU - Rafael Garrido-Pena AU - Michael Kunst AU - Roberto Risch AU - Manuel A. Rojo-Guerra AU - Wolfgang Haak AU - Kurt W. Alt Y1 - 2017/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/02/10/106963.abstract N2 - Agriculture first reached the Iberian Peninsula around 5700 BCE. However, little is known about the genetic structure and changes of prehistoric populations in different geographic areas of Iberia. In our study, we focused on the maternal genetic makeup of the Neolithic (~ 5500-3000 BCE), Chalcolithic (~ 3000-2200 BCE) and Early Bronze Age (~ 2200-1500 BCE). We report ancient mitochondrial DNA results of 213 individuals (151 HVS-I sequences) from the northeast, middle Ebro Valley, central, southeast and southwest regions and thus on the largest archaeogenetic dataset from the Peninsula to date. Similar to other parts of Europe, we observe a discontinuity between hunter-gatherers and the first farmers of the Neolithic, however the genetic contribution of hunter-gatherers is generally higher and varies regionally, being most pronounced in the inland middle Ebro Valley and in southwest Iberia. During the subsequent periods, we detect regional continuity of Early Neolithic lineages across Iberia, parallel to an increase of hunter-gatherer genetic ancestry. In contrast to ancient DNA findings from Central Europe, we do not observe a major turnover in the mtDNA record of the Iberian Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, suggesting that the population history of the Iberian Peninsula is distinct in character. ER -