TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Abundant Oceanic Viruses of Uncultured Marine Group II Euryarchaeota Identified by Genome-Centric Metagenomics JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/101196 SP - 101196 AU - Alon Philosof AU - Natalya Yutin AU - José Flores-Uribe AU - Itai Sharon AU - Eugene V. Koonin AU - Oded Béjà Y1 - 2017/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/18/101196.abstract N2 - Marine Group II Euryarchaeota (MGII) are among the most abundant microbes in the oceanic surface waters. So far, however, representatives of MGII have not been cultivated, and no viruses infecting these organisms have been described. Here we present complete genomes for 3 distinct groups of viruses assembled from metagenomic sequence datasets highly enriched for MGII. These novel viruses, which we denote Magroviruses, possess double-stranded DNA genomes of 65 to 100 kilobase in size that encode a structural module characteristic of head-tailed viruses and, unusually for archaeal and bacterial viruses, a nearly complete replication apparatus of apparent archaeal origin. The newly identified Magroviruses are widespread and abundant, and therefore are likely to be major ecological agents. ER -