TY - JOUR T1 - Two novel lncRNAs discovered in human mitochondrial DNA using PacBio full-length transcriptome data JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/079517 SP - 079517 AU - Shan Gao AU - Xiaoxuan Tian AU - Yu Sun AU - Zhenfeng Wu AU - Zhi Cheng AU - Pengzhi Dong AU - Qiang Zhao AU - Bingjun He AU - Jishou Ruan AU - Wenjun Bu Y1 - 2016/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/12/17/079517.abstract N2 - In this study, we introduced a general framework to use PacBio full-length transcriptome sequencing for the investigation of the fundamental problems in mitochondrial biology, e.g. genome arrangement, heteroplasmy, RNA processing and the regulation of transcription or replication. As a result, we produced the first full-length human mitochondrial transcriptome from the MCF7 cell line based on the PacBio platform and characterized the human mitochondrial transcriptome with more comprehensive and accurate information. The most important finding was two novel lnRNAs hsa-MDL1 and hsa-MDL1AS, which are encoded by the mitochondrial D-loop regions. We propose hsa-MDL1 and hsa-MDL1AS, as the precursors of transcription initiation RNAs (tiRNAs), belong to a novel class of long non-coding RNAs (lnRNAs), which is named as long tiRNAs (ltiRNAs). Based on the mitochondrial RNA processing model, the primary tiRNAs, precursors and mature tiRNAs could be discovered to completely reveal tiRNAs from their origins to functions. The MDL1 and MDL1AS lnRNAs and their regulation mechanisms exist ubiquitously from insects to human.AbbreviationstiRNAtranscription initiation RNAltiRNAlong tiRNAlncRNAlong non-coding RNAmtDNAmitochondrial DNAD-loopDisplacement-loopATPAdenosine TriphosphateNGSNext Generation SequencingSMRTSingle-molecule Real-timeCCSCircular Consensus SequencingH-strandHeavy strandL-strandLight strandLCBLocally Collinear BlockOHthe origin of H-strand replicationOLthe origin of L-strand replicationITH1the initiation of the first transcription site on H-strandITH2the initiation of the second transcription site on H-strandITLthe initiation of transcription site on L-strandSNPSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismeftErthesina fullo ThunbergHCCHepatocellular CarcinomaTISTranscription Initiation Site ER -