RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Ubiquitylation activates a peptidase that promotes cleavage and destabilization of its activating E3 ligases and diverse growth regulatory proteins to limit cell proliferation in Arabidopsis JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 090563 DO 10.1101/090563 A1 Hui Dong A1 Jack Dumenil A1 Fu-Hao Lu A1 Li Na A1 Hannes Vanhaeren A1 Christin Naumann A1 Maria Klecker A1 Rachel Prior A1 Caroline Smith A1 Neil McKenzie A1 Gerhard Saalbach A1 Liangliang Chen A1 Tian Xia A1 Nathalie Gonzalez A1 Mathilde Seguela A1 Dirk Inze A1 Nico Dissmeyer A1 Yunhai Li A1 Michael W. Bevan YR 2016 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/11/30/090563.abstract AB The characteristic shapes and sizes of organs are established by cell proliferation patterns and final cell sizes, but the underlying molecular mechanisms coordinating these are poorly understood. Here we characterize a ubiquitin-activated peptidase called DA1 that limits the duration of cell proliferation during organ growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. The peptidase is activated by two RING E3 ligases, BB and DA2, which are subsequently cleaved by the activated peptidase and destabilized. In the case of BB, cleavage leads to destabilization by the RING E3 ligase PRT1 of the N-end rule pathway. DA1 peptidase activity also cleaves the de-ubiquitylase UBP15, which promotes cell proliferation, and the transcription factors TCP15 and TCP22, which promote cell proliferation proliferation and repress endoreduplication. We propose that DA1 peptidase activity regulates the duration of cell proliferation and the transition to endoreduplication and differentiation during organ formation in plants by coordinating the destabilization of regulatory proteins.