PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ilya E. Monosov
TI  - Anterior cingulate is a source of valence-specific information about value and uncertainty
AID  - 10.1101/087320
DP  - 2016 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 087320
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/11/19/087320.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/11/19/087320.full
AB  - Expectations of rewards and punishments can promote similar behavioral states, such as vigilance, and distinct behavioral states, such as approach or avoidance. However, the cortical circuits that underlie this behavioral diversity are poorly understood. I show that many anterior-cingulate (ACC) neurons represent expected value and uncertainty in a valence-specific manner, about either rewards or punishments. This flexibility may facilitate the top-down control of many reward- and punishment-related behaviors.Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Biological Technologies Office (BTO) ElectRx program under the auspices of Dr. Doug Weber through the CMO Grant/Contract No.HR0011-16-2-0022. I am grateful to Ms. Ying Jiang for assisting in data acquisition, to Ms. Kim Kocher for fantastic animal care and training, to Ms. Katherine Conen, Mr. J. Kael White, Mr. Ben Acland, and Mr. Mike Traner for reading earlier versions of this manuscript.