PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Kit D. Longden
AU  - Martina Wicklein
AU  - Ben J. Hardcastle
AU  - Stephen J. Huston
AU  - Holger G. Krapp
TI  - Spike interval coding of translatory optic flow and depth from motion in the fly visual system
AID  - 10.1101/086934
DP  - 2016 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 086934
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/11/15/086934.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/11/15/086934.full
AB  - Many animals use the visual motion generated by travelling straight, the translatory optic flow, to successfully navigate obstacles: near objects appear larger and to move more quickly than distant objects. Flies are expert at navigating cluttered environments, and while their visual processing of rotatory optic flow is understood in exquisite detail, how they process translatory optic flow remains a mystery. Here, we present novel cell types that have motion receptive fields matched to translation self-motion, the vertical translation (VT) cells. One of these, the VT1 cell, encodes forward sideslip self-motion, and fires action potentials in clusters - spike bursts. We show that the spike burst coding is size and speed-tuned, and is selectively modulated by motion parallax - the relative motion experienced during translation. These properties are spatially organized, so that the cell is most excited by clutter rather than isolated objects. When the fly is presented with a simulation of flying past an elevated object, the spike burst activity is modulated by the height of the object, and the single spike rate is unaffected. When the moving object alone is experienced, the cell is weakly driven. Meanwhile, the VT2-3 cells have motion receptive fields matched to the lift axis. In conjunction with previously described horizontal cells, the VT cells have properties well-suited to the visual navigation of clutter and to encode the fly’s movements along near cardinal axes of thrust, lift and forward sideslip.HighlightsVT1 is a novel cell encoding sideslip translatory optic flow with spike burstsSpike burst rate is modulated by size, speed and motion parallax to detect clutterThese properties enable spike bursting to signal object depth from motionVT2-3 are complementary novel cells with receptive fields matching lift translation