RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Modeling Cognitive Processes with Neural Reinforcement Learning JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 084111 DO 10.1101/084111 A1 S.E. Bosch A1 K. Seeliger A1 M.A.J. van Gerven YR 2016 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/29/084111.abstract AB Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have seen renewed interest in the fields of computer science, artificial intelligence and neuroscience. Recent advances in improving the performance of ANNs open up an exciting new avenue for cognitive neuroscience research. Here, we propose that ANNs that learn to solve complex tasks based on reinforcement learning, can serve as a universal computational framework for analyzing the neural and behavioural correlates of cognitive processing. We demonstrate this idea on a challenging probabilistic categorization task, where neural network dynamics are linked to human behavioural and neural data as identical tasks are solved.