RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Long-term monitoring of inflammation in the mammalian gut using programmable commensal bacteria JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 075051 DO 10.1101/075051 A1 David T Riglar A1 Michael Baym A1 S Jordan Kerns A1 Matthew J Niederhuber A1 Roderick T Bronson A1 Jonathan W Kotula A1 Georg K Gerber A1 Jeffrey C Way A1 Pamela A Silver YR 2016 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/09/13/075051.abstract AB Inflammation in the gut, caused by infection and autoimmunity, remains challenging to effectively detect, monitor, and treat. Here, we engineer a commensal mouse E. coli strain to record exposure to tetrathionate, a downstream product of reactive oxygen species generated during inflammation. Using these programmed bacteria to sense in situ levels we show that tetrathionate accompanies inflammation during Salmonella-induced colitis in mice and is elevated in an inflammatory bowel disease mouse model. We demonstrate long-term genetic stability and associated robust function of synthetic genetic circuits in bacteria colonizing the mammalian gut. These results demonstrate the potential for engineered bacteria to stably and reliably probe pathophysiological processes for which traditional diagnostics may not be feasible or cost-effective.One sentence summary Engineered bacteria record an inflammatory response in an IBD mouse model and are genetically stable during long-term growth in the mouse gut.