RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Prefrontal cortical control of a brainstem social behavior circuit JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 073734 DO 10.1101/073734 A1 Tamara B. Franklin A1 Bianca A. Silva A1 Zina Perova A1 Livia Marrone A1 Maria E. Masferrer A1 Yang Zhan A1 Angie Kaplan A1 Louise Greetham A1 Violaine Verrechia A1 Andreas Halman A1 Sara Pagella A1 Alexei L. Vyssotski A1 Anna Illarionova A1 Valery Grinevich A1 Tiago Branco A1 Cornelius T. Gross YR 2016 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/09/09/073734.abstract AB The prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in adjusting an organism’s behavior to its environment. In particular, numerous studies have implicated the prefrontal cortex in the control of social behavior, but the neural circuits that mediate these effects remain unknown. Here we investigated behavioral adaptation to social defeat in mice and uncovered a critical contribution of neural projections from the medial prefrontal cortex to the dorsal periaqueductal grey, a brainstem area vital for defensive responses. Social defeat caused a weakening of functional connectivity between these two areas and selective inhibition of these projections mimicked the behavioral effects of social defeat. These findings define a specific neural projection by which the prefrontal cortex can control and adapt social behavior.