TY - JOUR T1 - Targeted re-sequencing reveals the genetic signatures and the reticulate history of barley domestication JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/070078 SP - 070078 AU - Artem Pankin AU - Janine Altmüller AU - Christian Becker AU - Maria von Korff Y1 - 2016/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/08/19/070078.abstract N2 - Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the Neolithic founder crops of the early agricultural societies. The circumstances of its domestication and genomic signatures that underlie barley transition from a weed to a crop remain obscure. We explored genomic variation in a diversity set of 433 wild and domesticated barley accessions using targeted re-sequencing that generated a genome-wide panel of 544,318 high-quality SNPs. We observed a ~50% reduction of genetic diversity in domesticated compared to wild barley and diversity patterns indicative of a strong domestication bottleneck. Selection scans discovered multiple selective sweep regions associated with domestication. The top candidate domestication genes have been implicated in the regulation of light signaling, circadian clock, hormone and carbohydrate metabolism. Phylogeographic analyses revealed a mosaic ancestry of the domestication-related loci, which originated from nine wild barley populations. This indicates that recurrent introgression and selection of wild alleles apparently shaped the domesticated gene pool, which supports a protracted domestication model. ER -