RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Natural DEET substitutes that are strong olfactory repellents of mosquitoes and flies JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 060178 DO 10.1101/060178 A1 Sean Michael Boyle A1 Tom Guda A1 Christine Krause Pham A1 Sana Khalid Tharadra A1 Anupama Dahanukar A1 Anandasankar Ray YR 2016 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/06/22/060178.abstract AB Despite shortcomings, N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) has remained the gold-standard of insect repellents for >60 years. There are significant impediments to finding improved substitutes because the molecular targets causing repellency are unclear, new chemistries will require significant human-safety testing, and predicted costs for development are exorbitant. Here we identify shared structural features important for repellency and using a supervised chemical-informatics method screen insilico >400,000 compounds to identify >100 natural compounds as candidate repellents. We select 4 candidates that are affordable, 3 approved as safe for human food use, and demonstrate that they are strong olfactory and gustatory repellents to both mosquitoes and Drosophila. The chemicals do not dissolve plastic and have a mild and pleasant odor. These repellents are representative of a new generation of affordable substitutes for DEET that can be rapidly deployed globally because of excellent human-safety profiles, and have great potential in reducing deadly diseases by reducing mosquito-human contact.