PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Pontus Skoglund
AU  - David Reich
TI  - A genomic view of the peopling of the americas
AID  - 10.1101/058966
DP  - 2016 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 058966
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/06/15/058966.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/06/15/058966.full
AB  - Whole-genome studies have documented that most Native American ancestry stems from a single population that diversified within the continent more than twelve thousand years ago. However, this shared ancestry hides a more complex history whereby at least four distinct streams of Eurasian migration have contributed to present-day and prehistoric Native American populations. Whole genome studies enhanced by technological breakthroughs in ancient DNA now provide evidence of a sequence of events involving initial migration from a structured Northeast Asian source population, followed by a divergence into northern and southern Native American lineages. During the Holocene, new migrations from Asia introduced the Saqqaq/Dorset Paleoeskimo population to the North American Arctic ~4,500 years ago, ancestry that is potentially connected with ancestry found in Athabaskan-speakers today. This was then followed by a major new population turnover in the high Arctic involving Thule-related peoples who are the ancestors of present-day Inuit. We highlight several open questions that could be addressed through future genomic research.