@article {Vellutini029892, author = {Bruno C. Vellutini and Andreas Hejnol}, title = {Expression of segment polarity genes in brachiopods supports a non-segmental ancestral role of engrailed for bilaterians}, elocation-id = {029892}, year = {2016}, doi = {10.1101/029892}, publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory}, abstract = {The diverse and complex developmental mechanisms of segmentation have been more thoroughly studied in arthropods, vertebrates and annelids{\textemdash}distantly related animals considered to be segmented. Far less is known about the role of {\textquotedblleft}segmentation genes{\textquotedblright} in organisms that lack a segmented body. Here we investigate the expression of the arthropod segment polarity genes engrailed, wnt1 and hedgehog in the development of brachiopods{\textemdash}marine invertebrates with an unsegmented trunk but closely related to the segmented annelids. We found that a stripe of engrailed expression demarcates the ectodermal boundary that delimits the anterior region of Terebratalia transversa and Novocrania anomala embryos. In T. transversa, this engrailed domain is abutted by a stripe of wnt1 expression in a pattern similar to the parasegment boundaries of insects{\textemdash}except for the expression of hedgehog, which is restricted to endodermal tissues of the brachiopod embryos. We found that pax6 and pax2/5/8, putative regulators of engrailed, also demarcate the anterior boundary in the two species, indicating these genes might be involved in the anterior patterning of brachiopod larvae. In a comparative phylogenetic context, these findings suggest that bilaterians might share an ancestral, non-segmental domain of engrailed expression during early embryogenesis.}, URL = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/04/30/029892}, eprint = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/04/30/029892.full.pdf}, journal = {bioRxiv} }