RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Prevalent Presence of Periodic Actin-spectrin-based Membrane Skeleton in a Broad Range of Neuronal Cell Types and Animal Species
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 045856
DO 10.1101/045856
A1 Jiang He
A1 Ruobo Zhou
A1 Zhuhao Wu
A1 Monica Carrasco
A1 Peri Kurshan
A1 Jonathan Farley
A1 David Simon
A1 Guiping Wang
A1 Boran Han
A1 Junjie Hao
A1 Evan Heller
A1 Marc Freeman
A1 Kang Shen
A1 Tom Maniatis
A1 Marc Tessier-Lavigne
A1 Xiaowei Zhuang
YR 2016
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/04/08/045856.abstract
AB Actin, spectrin and associated molecules form a periodic, sub-membrane cytoskeleton in the axons of neurons. For a better understanding of this membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS), it is important to address how prevalent this structure is in different neuronal types, different subcellular compartments, and across different animal species. Here, we investigated the organization of spectrin in a variety of neuronal and glial-cell types. We observed the presence of MPS in all of the tested neuronal types cultured from mouse central and peripheral nervous systems, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons from several brain regions, as well as sensory and motor neurons. Quantitative analyses show that MPS is preferentially formed in axons in all neuronal types tested here: spectrin shows a long-range, periodic distribution throughout all axons, but only appears periodic in a small fraction of dendrites, typically in the form of isolated patches in sub-regions of these dendrites. As in dendrites, we also observed patches of periodic spectrin structures in a small fraction of glial-cell processes in four types of glial cells cultured from rodent tissues. Interestingly, despite its strong presence in the axonal shaft, MPS is absent in most presynaptic boutons, but is present in a substantial fraction of dendritic spine necks, including some projecting from dendrites where such a periodic structure is not observed in the shaft. Finally, we found that spectrin is capable of adopting a similar periodic organization in neurons of a variety of animal species, including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, Gallus gallus, Mus musculus and Homo sapiens.