PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Stephen E. Harris AU - Alexander T. Xue AU - Diego Alvarado-Serrano AU - Joel T. Boehm AU - Tyler Joseph AU - Michael J. Hickerson AU - Jason Munshi-South TI - Urbanization shapes the demographic history of a native rodent (the white-footed mouse, <em>Peromyscus leucopus</em>) in New York City AID - 10.1101/032979 DP - 2016 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 032979 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/04/05/032979.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/04/05/032979.full AB - How urbanization shapes population genomic diversity and evolution of urban wildlife is largely unexplored. We investigated the impact of urbanization on white-footed mice, Peromyscus leucopus, in the New York City metropolitan area using coalescent-based simulations to infer demographic history from the site frequency spectrum. We assigned individuals to evolutionary clusters and then inferred recent divergence times, population size changes, and migration using genome-wide SNPs genotyped in 23 populations sampled along an urban-to-rural gradient. Both prehistoric climatic events and recent urbanization impacted these populations. Our modeling indicates that post-glacial sea level rise led to isolation of mainland and Long Island populations. These models also indicate that several urban parks represent recently-isolated P. leucopus populations, and the estimated divergence times for these populations are consistent with the history of urbanization in New York City.