RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 A role for YY1 in sex-biased transcription revealed through X-linked promoter activity and allelic binding analyses
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 044172
DO 10.1101/044172
A1 Chih-yu Chen
A1 Wenqiang Shi
A1 Allison M. Matthews
A1 Yifeng Li
A1 David J. Arenillas
A1 Anthony Mathelier
A1 Masayoshi Itoh
A1 Hideya Kawaji
A1 Timo Lassmann
A1 FANTOM Consortium
A1 Yoshihide Hayashizaki
A1 Piero Carninci
A1 Alistair R. R. Forrest
A1 Carolyn J. Brown
A1 Wyeth W. Wasserman
YR 2016
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/03/21/044172.abstract
AB Sex differences in susceptibility and progression have been reported in numerous diseases. Female cells have two copies of the X chromosome with X-chromosome inactivation imparting mono-allelic gene silencing for dosage compensation. However, a subset of genes, named escapees, escape silencing and are transcribed bi-allelically resulting in sexual dimorphism. Here we conducted analyses of the sexes using human datasets to gain perspectives in such regulation. We identified transcription start sites of escapees (escTSSs) based on higher transcription levels in female cells using FANTOM5 CAGE data. Significant over-representations of YY1 transcription factor binding motif and ChIP-seq peaks around escTSSs highlighted its positive association with escapees. Furthermore, YY1 occupancy is significantly biased towards the inactive X (Xi) at long non-coding RNA loci that are frequent contacts of Xi-specific superloops. Our study elucidated the importance of YY1 on transcriptional activity on Xi in general through sequence-specific binding, and its involvement at superloop anchors.