PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Ferran Galán AU - Mark R. Baker AU - Kai Alter AU - Stuart N. Baker TI - Missing kinaesthesia challenges precise naturalistic cortical prosthetic control AID - 10.1101/004861 DP - 2014 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 004861 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2014/05/06/004861.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2014/05/06/004861.full AB - A major assumption of brain-machine interface (BMI) research is that patients with disconnected neural pathways can still volitionally recall precise motor commands that could be decoded for naturalistic prosthetic control. However, the disconnected condition of these patients also blocks kinaesthetic feedback from the periphery, which has been shown to regulate centrally generated output responsible for accurate motor control. Here we tested how well motor commands are generated in the absence of kinaesthetic feedback by decoding hand movements from human scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in three conditions: unimpaired movement, imagined movement, and movement attempted during temporary disconnection of peripheral afferent and efferent nerves by ischemic nerve block. Our results suggest that the recall of cortical motor commands is impoverished in absence of kinaesthetic feedback, challenging the possibility of precise naturalistic cortical prosthetic control.